Chapter 1 - Resources and Development | NCERT Class 10 Geography Solutions

Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

Q1.  Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.

Ans. Black soil is found in the plateaus of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Black soil is ideal for growing cotton.

Q2.  What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.

Ans. The rivers that forms the deltas of eastern coast are:- the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri. These river deltas consists of alluvial soil.

The main feature of alluvial soil are:-

1. The alluvial soil consists of sand, clay and silt.
2. This soil is very fertile and rich in potash, lime and phosphoric acid.
3. Based on their age, alluvial soils are of 2 types - old alluvial (Bhangar) and new alluvial (Khadar).

Q3.  What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?

1. Ploughing along the contour lines can decelerate the flow of water down the slopes.
2. Steps can be cut out on the slopes making terraces. Terrace cultivation restricts erosion.
3. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of the wind.
4. Planting lines of trees which are called shelter belts. They help in stabilization of sand dunes and in stabilizing the desert in western India.

Q4  What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.

1. Biotic Resources are those resources which are obtained from biosphere and have life such as human beings, flowers, animals, fisheries, livestock etc.
2. Abiotic Resources are those resources which are made up of non-living things. For example - rocks and metals.